Introduction

Johor, a state in southern Malaysia linked to Singapore by causeways, is known for beaches and rainforest. Desaru Beach has a strip of resorts, while Endau Rompin National Park's mountainous jungle shelters waterfalls and wildlife like elephants. Capital Johor Bahru's diverse history is reflected in the Victorian-era Sultan Abu Bakar State Mosque and Arulmigu Sri Rajakaliamman Glass Temple, a glittering Hindu shrine.

The name Johor is derived from the Arabic word Jauhar, signifying 'Precious Stones'. Johor has high diversity in ethnicity, culture and language. The state is known for its traditional dance of Zapin and Kuda Kepang. The head of state is the Sultan of Johor, while the head of government is the Menteri Besar. The government system is closely modelled on the Westminster parliamentary system, with the state administration divided into administrative districts. Islam is the state religion per the 1895 Constitution of Johor, but other religions can be freely practiced. Both Malay and English have been accepted as official languages for the state since 1914. The economy is mainly based on services and manufacturing.